1 |
REQUIRE "atoms.a4l"; |
2 |
(* => atoms.a4l, measures.a4l, system.a4l, basemodel.a4l *) |
3 |
REQUIRE "plot.a4l"; |
4 |
(* => plot.a4l, atoms.a4l, measures.a4l, system.a4l, basemodel.a4l *) |
5 |
PROVIDE "force1d.a4c"; |
6 |
(* |
7 |
* This file is part of the ASCEND Modeling Library and is released |
8 |
* under the GNU Public License as described at the end of this file. |
9 |
*) |
10 |
|
11 |
CONSTANT spring_constant REFINES real_constant DIMENSION M/T^2; |
12 |
CONSTANT position_constant REFINES real_constant DIMENSION L; |
13 |
ATOM position REFINES distance DEFAULT 0{m}; |
14 |
END position; |
15 |
|
16 |
MODEL force_base() REFINES cmumodel(); |
17 |
NOTES |
18 |
'purpose' SELF { |
19 |
This set of models illustrates building complex mechanical |
20 |
systems from simple components at perhaps the level of |
21 |
junior high school physics. |
22 |
It does this primarily as an excuse to demonstrate |
23 |
the plt_plot models and the ALIASES/ISA statement of ASCEND. |
24 |
} |
25 |
'revision' SELF { |
26 |
$Revision: 1.2 $ |
27 |
} |
28 |
END NOTES; |
29 |
END force_base; |
30 |
|
31 |
MODEL test_force_base() REFINES testcmumodel; |
32 |
END test_force_base; |
33 |
|
34 |
MODEL hook REFINES force_base; |
35 |
NOTES |
36 |
'purpose' SELF { |
37 |
Hooks are used to connect masses, springs, and other |
38 |
objects. Each hook defines a point in a 1-dimensional coordinate |
39 |
system and computes a force balance at that point. |
40 |
Some other model must set one of the forces and the position. |
41 |
The hook is stationary in this MODEL since no net force term is written. |
42 |
} |
43 |
END NOTES; |
44 |
|
45 |
F_left, F_right IS_A force; |
46 |
F_left = F_right; |
47 |
X IS_A position; |
48 |
NOTES 'ascii-picture' SELF { |
49 |
F_left <--O--> F_right |
50 |
} |
51 |
END NOTES; |
52 |
|
53 |
METHODS |
54 |
(* generated code for hook to be customized or corrected. *) |
55 |
METHOD default_all; |
56 |
RUN default_self; |
57 |
END default_all; |
58 |
METHOD default_self; |
59 |
(* ATOM defaults are fine *) |
60 |
END default_self; |
61 |
METHOD check_all; |
62 |
RUN check_self; |
63 |
END check_all; |
64 |
METHOD check_self; |
65 |
END check_self; |
66 |
METHOD bound_all; |
67 |
RUN bound_self; |
68 |
END bound_all; |
69 |
METHOD bound_self; |
70 |
END bound_self; |
71 |
METHOD scale_all; |
72 |
RUN scale_self; |
73 |
END scale_all; |
74 |
METHOD scale_self; |
75 |
F_left.nominal := abs(F_left) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{N}; |
76 |
F_right.nominal := abs(F_right) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{N}; |
77 |
X.nominal := abs(X) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{?}; |
78 |
END scale_self; |
79 |
|
80 |
METHOD specify; |
81 |
F_right.fixed := TRUE; |
82 |
END specify; |
83 |
METHOD specify_float; |
84 |
END specify_float; |
85 |
|
86 |
END hook; |
87 |
|
88 |
MODEL massless_spring( |
89 |
k IS_A spring_constant; |
90 |
h_left WILL_BE hook; |
91 |
h_right WILL_BE hook; |
92 |
) WHERE ( |
93 |
h_left, h_right WILL_NOT_BE_THE_SAME; |
94 |
) REFINES force_base; |
95 |
|
96 |
L0, dx IS_A distance; |
97 |
|
98 |
(* spring takes up space *) |
99 |
(* compute right end of spring position. *) |
100 |
h_right.X = h_left.X + L0 + dx; |
101 |
|
102 |
(* spring may exert force if loaded. *) |
103 |
F = k * dx; |
104 |
h_left.F_right = F; |
105 |
h_right.F_left = F; |
106 |
F IS_A force; |
107 |
|
108 |
NOTES 'ascii-picture' SELF { |
109 |
O--/\/\/\/\/\/--O |
110 |
|-L0-|-dx-| |
111 |
} |
112 |
END NOTES; |
113 |
METHODS |
114 |
|
115 |
METHOD default_self; |
116 |
dx := 1{cm}; |
117 |
L0 := 10{cm}; |
118 |
END default_self; |
119 |
|
120 |
METHOD default_all; |
121 |
RUN h_left.default_all; |
122 |
RUN h_right.default_all; |
123 |
RUN default_self; |
124 |
END default_all; |
125 |
|
126 |
METHOD check_all; |
127 |
RUN h_left.check_all; |
128 |
RUN h_right.check_all; |
129 |
RUN check_self; |
130 |
END check_all; |
131 |
|
132 |
METHOD check_self; |
133 |
END check_self; |
134 |
|
135 |
METHOD bound_all; |
136 |
RUN h_left.bound_all; |
137 |
RUN h_right.bound_all; |
138 |
RUN bound_self; |
139 |
END bound_all; |
140 |
|
141 |
METHOD bound_self; |
142 |
END bound_self; |
143 |
|
144 |
METHOD scale_all; |
145 |
RUN h_left.scale_all; |
146 |
RUN h_right.scale_all; |
147 |
RUN scale_self; |
148 |
END scale_all; |
149 |
|
150 |
METHOD scale_self; |
151 |
F.nominal := abs(F) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{N}; |
152 |
L0.nominal := abs(L0) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{m}; |
153 |
dx.nominal := abs(dx) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{m}; |
154 |
END scale_self; |
155 |
|
156 |
METHOD specify; |
157 |
L0.fixed := TRUE; |
158 |
RUN h_left.reset; |
159 |
RUN h_right.reset; |
160 |
h_left.F_right.fixed := FALSE; |
161 |
h_left.X.fixed := TRUE; |
162 |
END specify; |
163 |
|
164 |
METHOD specify_float; |
165 |
L0.fixed := TRUE; |
166 |
RUN h_left.specify_float; |
167 |
RUN h_right.specify_float; |
168 |
END specify_float; |
169 |
|
170 |
END massless_spring; |
171 |
|
172 |
MODEL massless_block( |
173 |
h_left WILL_BE hook; |
174 |
h_right WILL_BE hook; |
175 |
) WHERE ( |
176 |
h_left, h_right WILL_NOT_BE_THE_SAME; |
177 |
) REFINES force_base; |
178 |
|
179 |
(* this block has no momentum or acceleration so it is massless *) |
180 |
width IS_A distance; |
181 |
|
182 |
(* condition of the block not moving *) |
183 |
h_left.F_right = h_right.F_left; |
184 |
(* block takes up space *) |
185 |
h_right.X = h_left.X + width; |
186 |
|
187 |
X "center of the block" IS_A position; |
188 |
X = width/2 + h_left.X; |
189 |
|
190 |
NOTES 'ascii-picture' SELF { |
191 |
___ |
192 |
O--| |--O |
193 |
|___| |
194 |
} |
195 |
END NOTES; |
196 |
METHODS |
197 |
|
198 |
METHOD default_self; |
199 |
width := 3{cm}; |
200 |
END default_self; |
201 |
|
202 |
|
203 |
METHOD default_all; |
204 |
RUN h_left.default_all; |
205 |
RUN h_right.default_all; |
206 |
RUN default_self; |
207 |
END default_all; |
208 |
|
209 |
METHOD check_all; |
210 |
RUN h_left.check_all; |
211 |
RUN h_right.check_all; |
212 |
RUN check_self; |
213 |
END check_all; |
214 |
|
215 |
METHOD check_self; |
216 |
END check_self; |
217 |
|
218 |
METHOD bound_all; |
219 |
RUN h_left.bound_all; |
220 |
RUN h_right.bound_all; |
221 |
RUN bound_self; |
222 |
END bound_all; |
223 |
|
224 |
METHOD bound_self; |
225 |
END bound_self; |
226 |
|
227 |
METHOD scale_all; |
228 |
RUN h_left.scale_all; |
229 |
RUN h_right.scale_all; |
230 |
RUN scale_self; |
231 |
END scale_all; |
232 |
|
233 |
METHOD scale_self; |
234 |
width.nominal := abs(width) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{m}; |
235 |
END scale_self; |
236 |
|
237 |
METHOD specify; |
238 |
width.fixed := TRUE; |
239 |
RUN h_left.reset; |
240 |
h_left.F_right.fixed := FALSE; |
241 |
h_left.X.fixed := TRUE; |
242 |
RUN h_right.reset; |
243 |
END specify; |
244 |
|
245 |
METHOD specify_float; |
246 |
width.fixed := TRUE; |
247 |
RUN h_left.specify_float; |
248 |
RUN h_right.specify_float; |
249 |
END specify_float; |
250 |
|
251 |
END massless_block; |
252 |
|
253 |
MODEL anchor( |
254 |
x IS_A position_constant; |
255 |
h_right WILL_BE hook; |
256 |
) REFINES force_base; |
257 |
|
258 |
h_right.X = x; |
259 |
F = h_right.F_left; |
260 |
F IS_A force; |
261 |
|
262 |
NOTES 'ascii-picture' SELF { |
263 |
\\--O |
264 |
} |
265 |
END NOTES; |
266 |
METHODS |
267 |
|
268 |
METHOD default_self; |
269 |
END default_self; |
270 |
|
271 |
METHOD default_all; |
272 |
RUN h_right.default_all; |
273 |
RUN default_self; |
274 |
END default_all; |
275 |
|
276 |
METHOD check_all; |
277 |
RUN h_right.check_all; |
278 |
RUN check_self; |
279 |
END check_all; |
280 |
|
281 |
METHOD check_self; |
282 |
END check_self; |
283 |
|
284 |
METHOD bound_all; |
285 |
RUN h_right.bound_all; |
286 |
RUN bound_self; |
287 |
END bound_all; |
288 |
|
289 |
METHOD bound_self; |
290 |
END bound_self; |
291 |
|
292 |
METHOD scale_all; |
293 |
RUN h_right.scale_all; |
294 |
RUN scale_self; |
295 |
END scale_all; |
296 |
|
297 |
METHOD scale_self; |
298 |
F.nominal := abs(F) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{N}; |
299 |
END scale_self; |
300 |
|
301 |
METHOD specify; |
302 |
RUN h_right.reset; |
303 |
END specify; |
304 |
|
305 |
METHOD specify_float; |
306 |
END specify_float; |
307 |
|
308 |
END anchor; |
309 |
|
310 |
MODEL finger( |
311 |
h1 WILL_BE hook; |
312 |
) REFINES force_base; |
313 |
pull IS_A force; |
314 |
h1.F_right = pull; |
315 |
|
316 |
NOTES 'ascii-picture' SELF { |
317 |
__ |
318 |
O(_ \ |
319 |
\ \ |
320 |
} |
321 |
END NOTES; |
322 |
METHODS |
323 |
METHOD default_self; |
324 |
pull := 3{N}; |
325 |
END default_self; |
326 |
|
327 |
METHOD default_all; |
328 |
RUN h1.default_all; |
329 |
RUN default_self; |
330 |
END default_all; |
331 |
|
332 |
METHOD check_all; |
333 |
RUN h1.check_all; |
334 |
RUN check_self; |
335 |
END check_all; |
336 |
|
337 |
METHOD check_self; |
338 |
END check_self; |
339 |
|
340 |
METHOD bound_all; |
341 |
RUN h1.bound_all; |
342 |
RUN bound_self; |
343 |
END bound_all; |
344 |
|
345 |
METHOD bound_self; |
346 |
END bound_self; |
347 |
|
348 |
METHOD scale_all; |
349 |
RUN h1.scale_all; |
350 |
RUN scale_self; |
351 |
END scale_all; |
352 |
|
353 |
METHOD scale_self; |
354 |
pull.nominal := abs(pull) * 1.001 + 1.0e-4{N}; |
355 |
END scale_self; |
356 |
|
357 |
METHOD specify; |
358 |
RUN h1.reset; |
359 |
h1.F_right.fixed := FALSE; |
360 |
pull.fixed := TRUE; |
361 |
END specify; |
362 |
|
363 |
END finger; |
364 |
|
365 |
|
366 |
MODEL finger_test() REFINES test_force_base(); |
367 |
|
368 |
NOTES 'ascii-picture' SELF { |
369 |
___ __ |
370 |
\\--O--/\/\/\/\/\/--O--| |--O(_ \ |
371 |
|___| \ \ |
372 |
(reference)-h1-(s1)-h2-(m1)-h3-(pinky) |
373 |
} |
374 |
END NOTES; |
375 |
|
376 |
reference IS_A anchor(0.0{m},h1); |
377 |
h1 IS_A hook; |
378 |
s1 IS_A massless_spring(100{kg/s^2},h1,h2); |
379 |
h2 IS_A hook; |
380 |
m1 IS_A massless_block(h2,h3); |
381 |
h3 IS_A hook; |
382 |
pinky IS_A finger(h3); |
383 |
|
384 |
METHODS |
385 |
(* generated code for finger_test to be customized or corrected. *) |
386 |
METHOD default_all; |
387 |
RUN default_self; |
388 |
END default_all; |
389 |
|
390 |
METHOD default_self; |
391 |
RUN h1.default_self; |
392 |
RUN h2.default_self; |
393 |
RUN h3.default_self; |
394 |
RUN m1.default_self; |
395 |
RUN pinky.default_self; |
396 |
RUN reference.default_self; |
397 |
RUN s1.default_self; |
398 |
END default_self; |
399 |
|
400 |
METHOD check_all; |
401 |
RUN check_self; |
402 |
END check_all; |
403 |
|
404 |
METHOD check_self; |
405 |
RUN h1.check_self; |
406 |
RUN h2.check_self; |
407 |
RUN h3.check_self; |
408 |
RUN m1.check_self; |
409 |
RUN pinky.check_self; |
410 |
RUN reference.check_self; |
411 |
RUN s1.check_self; |
412 |
END check_self; |
413 |
|
414 |
METHOD bound_all; |
415 |
RUN bound_self; |
416 |
END bound_all; |
417 |
|
418 |
METHOD bound_self; |
419 |
RUN h1.bound_self; |
420 |
RUN h2.bound_self; |
421 |
RUN h3.bound_self; |
422 |
RUN m1.bound_self; |
423 |
RUN pinky.bound_self; |
424 |
RUN reference.bound_self; |
425 |
RUN s1.bound_self; |
426 |
END bound_self; |
427 |
|
428 |
METHOD scale_all; |
429 |
RUN scale_self; |
430 |
END scale_all; |
431 |
|
432 |
METHOD scale_self; |
433 |
RUN h1.scale_self; |
434 |
RUN h2.scale_self; |
435 |
RUN h3.scale_self; |
436 |
RUN m1.scale_self; |
437 |
RUN pinky.scale_self; |
438 |
RUN reference.scale_self; |
439 |
RUN s1.scale_self; |
440 |
END scale_self; |
441 |
|
442 |
METHOD specify; |
443 |
RUN m1.specify_float; |
444 |
RUN pinky.reset; |
445 |
RUN reference.specify_float; |
446 |
RUN s1.specify_float; |
447 |
END specify; |
448 |
END finger_test; |
449 |
|
450 |
MODEL spring_test() REFINES test_force_base(); |
451 |
|
452 |
NOTES 'ascii-picture' SELF { |
453 |
___ __ |
454 |
\\--O--/\/\/\/\/\/--O--| |--O(_ \ |
455 |
|___| \ \ |
456 |
(reference)-h1-(s1)-h2-(s2)-h3-(pinky) |
457 |
} |
458 |
END NOTES; |
459 |
|
460 |
reference IS_A anchor(0.0{m},h1); |
461 |
h1 IS_A hook; |
462 |
s1 IS_A massless_spring(100{kg/s^2},h1,h2); |
463 |
h2 IS_A hook; |
464 |
s2 IS_A massless_spring(75{kg/s^2},h2,h3); |
465 |
h3 IS_A hook; |
466 |
pinky IS_A finger(h3); |
467 |
|
468 |
METHODS |
469 |
(* generated code for finger_test to be customized or corrected. *) |
470 |
METHOD default_all; |
471 |
RUN default_self; |
472 |
END default_all; |
473 |
|
474 |
METHOD default_self; |
475 |
RUN h1.default_self; |
476 |
RUN h2.default_self; |
477 |
RUN h3.default_self; |
478 |
RUN s2.default_self; |
479 |
RUN pinky.default_self; |
480 |
RUN reference.default_self; |
481 |
RUN s1.default_self; |
482 |
END default_self; |
483 |
|
484 |
METHOD check_all; |
485 |
RUN check_self; |
486 |
END check_all; |
487 |
|
488 |
METHOD check_self; |
489 |
RUN h1.check_self; |
490 |
RUN h2.check_self; |
491 |
RUN h3.check_self; |
492 |
RUN s2.check_self; |
493 |
RUN pinky.check_self; |
494 |
RUN reference.check_self; |
495 |
RUN s1.check_self; |
496 |
END check_self; |
497 |
|
498 |
METHOD bound_all; |
499 |
RUN bound_self; |
500 |
END bound_all; |
501 |
|
502 |
METHOD bound_self; |
503 |
RUN h1.bound_self; |
504 |
RUN h2.bound_self; |
505 |
RUN h3.bound_self; |
506 |
RUN s2.bound_self; |
507 |
RUN pinky.bound_self; |
508 |
RUN reference.bound_self; |
509 |
RUN s1.bound_self; |
510 |
END bound_self; |
511 |
|
512 |
METHOD scale_all; |
513 |
RUN scale_self; |
514 |
END scale_all; |
515 |
|
516 |
METHOD scale_self; |
517 |
RUN h1.scale_self; |
518 |
RUN h2.scale_self; |
519 |
RUN h3.scale_self; |
520 |
RUN s2.scale_self; |
521 |
RUN pinky.scale_self; |
522 |
RUN reference.scale_self; |
523 |
RUN s1.scale_self; |
524 |
END scale_self; |
525 |
|
526 |
METHOD specify; |
527 |
RUN pinky.reset; |
528 |
RUN reference.specify_float; |
529 |
RUN s1.specify_float; |
530 |
RUN s2.specify_float; |
531 |
END specify; |
532 |
|
533 |
END spring_test; |
534 |
|
535 |
MODEL plot_spring_test; |
536 |
|
537 |
(* create our model *) |
538 |
st IS_A spring_test; |
539 |
|
540 |
(* Now gather the sampled data into an array for plotting *) |
541 |
x_data[Xset] ALIASES (st.h1.X,st.h2.X,st.h3.X) |
542 |
WHERE Xset IS_A set OF integer_constant; |
543 |
|
544 |
(* Now create the Y coordinates of the plot since there is no |
545 |
* natural Y coordinate in our MODEL. |
546 |
*) |
547 |
y_data[Xset] IS_A real; (* all will be assigned to 1.0 *) |
548 |
|
549 |
X_curve IS_A plt_curve(Xset,y_data,x_data); |
550 |
|
551 |
(* Make X_curve into the expected array for plt_plot *) |
552 |
curves[curve_set] ALIASES (X_curve) WHERE |
553 |
curve_set IS_A set OF integer_constant; |
554 |
|
555 |
Plot_X IS_A plt_plot_integer(curve_set,curves); |
556 |
|
557 |
METHODS |
558 |
|
559 |
METHOD default_self; |
560 |
RUN st.default_self; |
561 |
st.s1.L0 := 0.2{m}; |
562 |
RUN X_curve.default_self; |
563 |
RUN Plot_X.default_self; |
564 |
FOR i IN Xset DO |
565 |
y_data[i] := i; |
566 |
END FOR; |
567 |
X_curve.legend := 'meter'; |
568 |
Plot_X.title := 'Hook locations'; |
569 |
Plot_X.XLabel := 'location'; |
570 |
Plot_X.YLabel := 'hook #'; |
571 |
END default_self; |
572 |
|
573 |
END plot_spring_test; |
574 |
|
575 |
|
576 |
(* |
577 |
* force1d.a4c |
578 |
* by Ben Allan |
579 |
* Part of the ASCEND Library |
580 |
* $Date: 1998/06/17 19:06:54 $ |
581 |
* $Revision: 1.2 $ |
582 |
* $Author: mthomas $ |
583 |
* $Source: /afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/ascend/Repository/models/force1d.a4c,v $ |
584 |
* |
585 |
* This file is part of the ASCEND Modeling Library. |
586 |
* |
587 |
* Copyright (C) 1998 Carnegie Mellon University |
588 |
* |
589 |
* The ASCEND Modeling Library is free software; you can redistribute |
590 |
* it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public |
591 |
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either |
592 |
* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. |
593 |
* |
594 |
* The ASCEND Modeling Library is distributed in hope that it will be |
595 |
* useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied |
596 |
* warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. |
597 |
* See the GNU General Public License for more details. |
598 |
* |
599 |
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
600 |
* along with the program; if not, write to the Free Software |
601 |
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Check |
602 |
* the file named COPYING. |
603 |
*) |